Frontiers in Clinical Diabetes and Healthcare 6
Triple Agonists (GLP-1/GIP/Glucagon) Class Overview Monograph At a glance Prototype agent / retatrutide (LY3437943), Eli Lilly Mechanism / simultaneous GLP-1R, GIPR, and glucagon receptor co-agonism Phase 2 peak weight loss / up to 24.2% body weight at 48 weeks (retatrutide 12 mg) Primary indications in development / obesity, type 2 diabetes, MASLD/MASH, dyslipidemia Route and frequency / once-weekly subcutaneous injection Key differentiator from dual agonists / added glucagon receptor activity drives hepatic fat mobilization and energy expenditure Most common adverse effects / nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation (dose-dependent) Regulatory status (as of mid-2025) / phase 3 trials ongoing
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doi: 10.1186/s12933-018-0763-3
Dark chocolate (say 70%+ cocoa) plus a few nuts adds a bit of protein, fibre and healthy fats, a treat that feels indulgent yet controlled